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Circumcision and Hygiene
List of articles showing that the foreskin may help to improve
hygiene or that circumcision may increase the risk of infections.
- Jefferson G. The peripenic muscle; some observations on the
anatomy of phimosis. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1916;23:177-81.
- Lakshmanan S, Parkash S. Human prepucesome aspects of structure
and function. Indian J Surg 1980; 42:134-7.
- Delbanco E. Über das gehauwlufte Aufreten von Talgdrusen
an der Innerflähe des Präputium. Monatshefte für
praktishe Dermatologie 1904; 38:536-8.
- Hyman AB, Brownstein MD. Tyson's "glands" sebaceous
glands and papillomatosis penis. Arch Dermatol 1969;99:31-7.
- Piccinno R, Carrel C-F, Menni S. et al. sebacous glands mimicking
molluscum contagiosum Acta Derm Venerol 1990;70:344-5.
- Krompecher St. Die Histologie der Absonderung fur Smegma Praeputi.
Anatomischer Anzeiger 1932; 75:170-176.
- Koning M, Streekferk JG. Kleine Kwalen in de Husiartsgeneenkunde;
Smegma en Fysiologische Fimose. Ned Tijdschr Groeskd 1995; 139:
1632-4.
- Parkash S, Rao R, Venkatesan K. et al. Sub-preputial wetness--its
nature. Ann Nat Med Sci 1982;18:109-112.
- Ahmed A, Jones AW. Apocrine cystodenoma: a report of two cases
occurring on the prepuce. Br J Derm 1969;81:899-901.
- Frolich E, Shaumberg-Lever F, Kissen C. Immunelectron microscopic
localization of cathepsin B in human apocrine glands. J Cutan
Pathol 1993; 20: 54-60.
- Ahmed AA, Nerdlind K, Schulzberg M.et al. Immunoelectrochemical
localization of IL-1 alpha-, IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha-like
immunoreactivities in human prepuce apocrine glands. Arch Dermatol
Res 1995; 287:764-6.
- Neubert U, Lantze. Die Bakterielle Flora des Präeputial
raumes. Hautarzt 1979; 30: 41-5.
- Birley HDL, Walker MM, Luzzie GA, et al. Clinical features
and management of recurrent balanitis, association with atopy
and genital washing. Genitourin Med 1993;69:400-3.
- Coppa GV, Gabriella O, Giorgi P, et al. Preliminary study
of breastfeeding and bacterial adhesion to uroepithelial cells.
Lancet 1990; 358:568-571.
- Mueller ER, Steinhardt G, Naseer S. The incidence of genitourinary
tract abnormalities in circumcised and uncircumcised boys presenting
with an initial urinary tract infection by 6 months of age. Pediatrics
(Suppl) 1997;100:580.
- Van Howe RS. Variability in penile appearance and penile findings:
a prospective study. Br J Urol 1997; 80: 776-782.
- Fergusson DM, Lawton JM, Shannon FT. Neonatal circumcision
and penile problems: an 8 year longitudinal study. Pediatrics
1988; 81:537-541.
- Enzenauer RW, Dotson CR, Leonard T. et al. Increased incidence
of neonatal staphylococcal pyoderma in males. Mil Med 1984;149:408-410.
- Enzenauer RW, Dotson CR, Leonard T. et al.. Male predominance
in persistent staphylococcal colonization and infection of the
newborn. Hawaii Med J 1985;44:389-90, 392, 394-6.
- Sow PS, Diop BM, Barry HL, et al. Tétanus et practique
traditionnelle à Dakar (à propos de 141 cas). Dakar
Med 1993; 38:55-9.
- Hardy DB. Cultural practices contributing to the transmission
of human immunodeficiency virus in Africa. Rev Infect Dis 1987;9:1109-19.
- Phillips K, Ruttman T, Viljoen J. Flying doctors, saving costs.
S Afr Med J 1996; 86:1557-8.
- Blass DP, Jr. Healey JJ, Waldhausen JHT. Necrotizing fasciitis
after Plastibell circumcision. J Pediatr 1997;131;459-62.
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